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BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic received widespread media coverage due to its novelty, an early lack of data, and the rapid rise in deaths and cases. This excessive coverage created a secondary "infodemic" that was considered to be a serious public and mental health problem by the World Health Organization and the international scientific community. The infodemic particularly affected older individuals, specifically those who are vulnerable to misinformation due to political positions, low interpretive and critical analysis capacity, and limited technical-scientific knowledge. Thus, it is important to understand older people's reaction to COVID-19 information disseminated by the media and the effect on their lives and mental health. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe the profile of exposure to COVID-19 information among older Brazilian individuals and the impact on their mental health, perceived stress, and the presence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). METHODS: This cross-sectional, exploratory study surveyed 3307 older Brazilians via the web, social networks, and email between July 2020 and March 2021. Descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis were performed to estimate associations of interest. RESULTS: Major proportions of the 3307 participants were aged 60 to 64 years (n=1285, 38.9%), female (n=2250, 68.4%), and married (n=1835, 55.5%) and self-identified as White (n=2364, 71.5%). Only 295 (8.9%) had never started or completed a basic education. COVID-19 information was mainly accessed on television (n=2680, 81.1%) and social networks (n=1943, 58.8%). Television exposure was ≥3 hours in 1301 (39.3%) participants, social network use was 2 to 5 hours in 1084 (32.8%) participants, and radio exposure was ≥1 hour in 1223 (37%) participants. Frequency of exposure to social networks was significantly associated with perceived stress (P=.04) and GAD (P=.01). A Bonferroni post hoc test revealed significantly different perceived stress in participants who were exposed to social networks for 1 hour (P=.04) and those who had no exposure (P=.04). A crude linear regression showed that "some" social media use (P=.02) and 1 hour of exposure to social media (P<.001) were associated with perceived stress. Adjusting for sociodemographic variables revealed no associations with this outcome variable. In a crude logistic regression, some social media use (P<.001) and 2 to 5 hours of exposure to social media (P=.03) were associated with GAD. Adjusting for the indicated variables showed that some social network use (P<.001) and 1 hour (P=.04) and 2 to 5 hours (P=.03) of exposure to social media were associated with GAD. CONCLUSIONS: Older people, especially women, were often exposed to COVID-19-related information through television and social networks; this affected their mental health, specifically GAD and stress. Thus, the impact of the infodemic should be considered during anamnesis for older people, so that they can share their feelings about it and receive appropriate psychosocial care.
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Abstract Objective: To analyze nursing professionals' reports on their lived experience in the care provided to hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This is an exploratory study using a qualitative analysis, which included twelve nurses and eight nursing technicians from a public hospital in Brazil, conducted between December 2020 and February 2021. The inclusion criteria were professionals who provided care to COVID-19 patients in emergency, intensive care, and inpatient units and who had at least one year of experience in the institution. The interviews were analyzed through content and similarity analysis that generated a similarity tree; the Reinert method was used for thematic categories. Results: Most participants were female, with a mean age of 34.15 years and 4.85 years of experience. From the analysis, the words 'patient,' 'to stay,' and 'to find' were the most frequent, and for the categories, they were "nursing professionals' feelings regarding the pandemic," "the nurses' role and work with the multi-professional team in the care provided to patients with COVID-19," "precautions with the care provided to patients with COVID-19," and "nursing professionals' concern that their family members may become ill during the pandemic." Conclusions: The nursing staff is predominantly composed of females and, in their reports on the lived experience of providing care to patients with COVID-19, they pointed out that concern and fear were prevalent, with the family being one of the protective factors to withstand the risks of working against something novel that may result in death.
Resumen Objetivo: analizar los relatos de profesionales de enfermería sobre la experiencia y vivencia en la asistencia brindada a los pacientes hospitalizados con covid-19. Materiales y método: estudio exploratorio, con análisis cualitativo, en el que participaron 12 enfermeros y ocho técnicos de enfermería de un hospital público en Brasil, realizado entre diciembre de 2020 y febrero de 2021. Como criterio de inclusión estaban profesionales que brindaban asistencia a pacientes con covid-19, en unidades de emergencia, de terapia intensiva y de hospitalización y al menos un año de experiencia en la institución. El análisis de las entrevistas por el análisis de contenido y por el análisis de similitud que generó un árbol de similitud y se utilizó el método Reinert para las categorías temáticas. Resultados: la mayoría de los participantes fue mujer, con promedio de 34,15 años y experiencia de 4,85 años. De los análisis, las palabras "paciente", "ficar" ("quedar") y "achar" ("crer") fueron las más frecuentes y las categorías "sentimientos de los profesionales de enfermería ante la pandemia"; "rol del enfermero y trabajo con el equipo multiprofesional en los cuidados al paciente con covid-19"; "cuidados en la atención al paciente con covid-19" y "preocupación de los profesionales de enfermería de que sus familiares se enfermaran durante la pandemia". Conclusiones: la enfermería es predominantemente constituida por mujeres y, en sus relatos sobre la experiencia y vivencia de cuidar a paciente con covid-19, señalaron que la preocupación y el miedo fueron predominantes, siendo la familia un de los factores protectores para soportar los riesgos de trabajar en contra algo nuevo y que puede culminar con la muerte.
Resumo Objetivo: analisar os relatos de profissionais de enfermagem sobre a experiência e vivência na assistência prestada aos pacientes hospitalizados com covid-19. Materiais e método: estudo exploratório, com análise qualitativa, do qual participaram 12 enfermeiros e oito técnicos de enfermagem de um hospital público no Brasil, realizado entre dezembro de 2020 e fevereiro de 2021. Como critério de inclusão estavam profissionais que prestavam assistência a pacientes com covid-19, em unidades de emergência, de terapia intensiva e de internação e pelo menos um ano de experiência na instituição. A análise das entrevistas pela análise de conteúdo e pela análise de similitude que gerou uma árvore de similitude e foi utilizado o método Reinert para as categorias temáticas. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes foi mulher, com média de 34,15 anos e experiência de 4,85 anos. Das análises, as palavras "paciente", "ficar" e "achar" foram as mais frequentes e as categorias "sentimentos dos profissionais de enfermagem ante a pandemia"; "papel do enfermeiro e trabalho com a equipe multiprofissional nos cuidados ao paciente com covid-19"; "cuidados no atendimento ao paciente com covid-19" e "preocupação dos profissionais de enfermagem de seus familiares adoecerem durante a pandemia". Conclusões: a enfermagem é predominantemente constituída por mulheres e, nos seus relatos sobre a experiência e a vivência de cuidar de paciente com covid-19, apontaram que a preocupação e o medo foram predominantes, sendo a família um dos fatores protetores para suportar os riscos de trabalhar contra algo novo e que pode culminar com a morte.
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OBJECTIVE: to identify factors associated with infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in nursing professionals. METHOD: a cross-sectional study carried out with 415 nursing professionals in a hospital specialized in cardiology. The sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, working conditions and issues related to illness due to COVID-19 were evaluated. Chi-Square, Fisher's, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Brunner Munzel tests were used in data analysis, as well as Odds Ratio for hospitalization, in addition to binary logistic regression. RESULTS: the rate of nursing professionals affected by COVID-19 was 44.3% and the factors associated with infection were the number of people living in the same household infected by COVID-19 (OR 36.18; p<0.001) and use of public transportation (OR 2.70; p=0.044). Having severe symptoms (OR 29.75), belonging to the risk group (OR 3.00), having tachypnea (OR 6.48), shortness of breath (OR 5.83), tiredness (OR 4.64), fever (OR 4.41) and/or myalgia (OR 3.00) increased the chances of hospitalization in professionals with COVID-19. CONCLUSION: living in the same household as other people with the disease and using public transportation increased the risk of infection by the new coronavirus. The factors associated with the hospitalization of contaminated professionals were presence of risk factors for the disease, severity and type of the symptoms presented.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitalization , Humans , Risk Factors , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To map the technical and managerial strategies for the management and reduction of airborne particles production in surgical procedures settings during the Covid-19 pandemic. METHOD: Scoping review, according to the Joana Briggs Institute methodology, based on documents indexed in MEDLINE, VHL, CINAHL Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and gray literature, published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. All studies from indexed scientific journals and recommendations published by international agencies or academic associations from 2019 to January 2022 were considered. Findings were summarized and analyzed using descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies were selected, 19 of which were published in English, two in Spanish, one in Portuguese, with a predominance of literature reviews. Findings were categorized into recommendations for the environment, the team, and the surgical technique. CONCLUSION: The review mapped the technical and managerial strategies for the management and reduction of the airborne particles production in surgical procedures settings. They involve from the use of personal protective equipment, training, anesthetic modality, airway manipulation, to the execution of the surgical technique.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Humans , Pandemics/prevention & control , Personal Protective EquipmentABSTRACT
Objective: to identify factors associated with infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in nursing professionals. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out with 415 nursing professionals in a hospital specialized in cardiology. The sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, working conditions and issues related to illness due to COVID-19 were evaluated. Chi-Square, Fisher's, Wilcoxon, Mann- Whitney and Brunner Munzel tests were used in data analysis, as well as Odds Ratio for hospitalization, in addition to binary logistic regression. Results: the rate of nursing professionals affected by COVID-19 was 44.3% and the factors associated with infection were the number of people living in the same household infected by COVID-19 (OR 36.18;p < 0.001) and use of public transportation (OR 2.70;p = 0.044). Having severe symptoms (OR 29.75), belonging to the risk group (OR 3.00), having tachypnea (OR 6.48), shortness of breath (OR 5.83), tiredness (OR 4.64), fever (OR 4.41) and/or myalgia (OR 3.00) increased the chances of hospitalization in professionals with COVID-19. Conclusion: living in the same household as other people with the disease and using public transportation increased the risk of infection by the new coronavirus. The factors associated with the hospitalization of contaminated professionals were presence of risk factors for the disease, severity and type of the symptoms presented. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demonstrated the importance of implementing strategic management that prioritizes the safety of frontline nurse professionals. In this sense, this research was aimed at identifying factors associated with the illness of nursing professionals caused by COVID-19 according to socio-demographic, clinical, and labor variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three Brazilian university hospitals with 859 nursing professionals, which include nurses, technicians, and nursing assistants, between November 2020 and February 2021. We present data using absolute and relative frequency. We used Chi-square test for hypothesis testing and multiple logistic regression for predictive analysis and chances of occurrence. Results: The rate of nursing professionals affected by COVID-19 was 41.8%, and the factors associated with contamination were the number of people in the same household with COVID-19 and obesity. Being a nurse was a protective factor when the entire nursing team was considered. The model is significant, and its variables represent 56.61% of the occurrence of COVID-19 in nursing professionals. Conclusion: Obesity and living in the same household as other people affected by COVID-19 increases the risk of contamination by this new coronavirus.
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OBJECTIVE: to map scientific knowledge about the repercussions of the infodemic on adult and elderly mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: this is a scoping review, developed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology, which included 33 articles. These articles were analyzed according to average age, gender and education level; place and period of the studies; exposure time to COVID-19 information; main signs and symptoms related to mental health; main sources of information; suggestions for mitigating the effects of the infodemic; and knowledge gaps. RESULTS: the most present repercussions of the infodemic on the adult and elderly mental health were anxiety, depression and stress, and the most affected group was young adults and females. CONCLUSION: future studies with more robust designs are needed to investigate the repercussions of the infodemic on people's mental health in the medium and long term, as well as to assess the effects, feasibility, cost-benefit and meaning of interventions in population groups, especially in the elderly population.